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Fitna (word)
''Fitna'' (or ', pl. '; (アラビア語:فتنة , فتن): "temptation, trial; sedition, civil strife"〔Wehr (1976), p. 696.〕) is an Arabic word with extensive connotations of trial, affliction, or distress. A word freighted with important historical implications, it is also widely used in modern Arabic. As with any word in Arabic, one should distinguish between the meanings of ' as used in Classical Arabic and the meanings of ''fitna'' as used in Modern Standard Arabic and various colloquial dialects. Furthermore, because of the conceptual importance of ''fitna'' in the Qur'an, its use in that work will be considered separately, though in addition to, the word's general lexical meaning in Classical Arabic.
==Root and forms==
Arabic, in common with other Semitic languages like Hebrew, deploys a system of root letters combined with vowel patterns to constitute its whole range of vocabulary; it is, therefore, essential to identify the root letters of any word, in order to better understand the word's full semantic range.
''Fitna'' has the triliteral root ''fā'-tā'-nūn'' ((アラビア語:ف ت ن)). In addition to the feminine noun ''fitna'', ''fitan'', this root forms, in particular, a Form I active verb ''fatana'', ''yaftinu'' ((アラビア語:فتن ، يفتن)), a Form I passive verb ''futina'', ''yuftanu'' ((アラビア語:فتن ، يفتن)), a Form I maṣdar ''futūn'' ((アラビア語:فتون)), a Form I active participle ''fātin'' ((アラビア語:فاتن)), a Form I passive participle ''maftūn'' ((アラビア語:مفتون)), and so on.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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